Lesson 2: Verb Objects

Next to becoming familiar with the basic conjugation of the Georgian verbs in the present tense, it is useful to understand how to use and declense the objects of the verb's action, as in our (now extended) example from Lesson 1: ის ჩაწერს სიტყვას წიგნში - she is writing a word into the book. This is the topic of today's lesson. I am trying to use as much as possible only Georgian words from the previous lesson, to give you an opportunity for repetition of the new vocabulary.

Lesson 1: Basic Conjugation

Having picked up a number of basic phrases on the first trip to Georgia or from a Georgian friend outside of Georgia and after starting to become familiar with the Georgian alphabet, one might be interested to proceed with learning Georgian in a systematic way. At this stage it would

The Georgian Language UniverseStefan

Just as in other languages, many of the Georgian verbs can be used without an object (intransitive meaning) or with an object (transitive meaning). In our verb example წერს it could be: ის წერს - she is writing. No object involved here, intransitive meaning. This you can do with any of the Georgian verbs if you are just referring to the action itself, showing the the subject is being active, doing whatever the meaning of this verb is, writing in this case. In Lesson 1 we also talked about the use of prepositions in a Georgian sentence.

If, however, you want to use a Georgian verb in relation to an object, then this object is usually written behind the verb and declensed by using the dative case, whereas the subject stays in nominative case. So, if you want to say she is writing a word, you need to put the word სიტყვა in dative, i. e. adding the -ს to it: ის წერს სიტყვას. This is the basic rule for all verbs in Conjugation Class I, containing the majority of Georgian verbs (including the medial verbs).
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