Conjugating Class-III Verbs

The indirect and often impersonal verbs of conjugation class III come in different conjugations, which are described below. Most of these verbs have distinct forms only for the present-group tenses, whereas the forms for the aorist- and perfect-group tenses are often borrowed from related Class-I and Class-II verbs (see example in ჰყავს/ყოლა). So be prepared to see a greater variaty of forms in the conjugations of the Class-III verbs here!

In these verbs, the subject is always in dative and the object in nominative; making their conjugation a bit easier.

image/svg+xml Class III -ია - -ება -ევა -

In the class-III verbs there are five conjugations:

  1. Class-III -ა Verbs,
  2. Class-III -ია Verbs,
  3. Class-III -ს Verbs,
  4. Class-III -ება Verbs,
  5. Class-III -ევა Verbs.

1. Class-III verbs on -ა

These Verbs are lacking the Aorist and Optative.

Future
-ა/-ათ
Aorist
--
Perfect
-ებია/-ებიათ
Imperfect
-ოდა/-ოდათ
Optative
--
Pluperfect
-ებოდა/-ებოდათ
Example: სცივა

Examples: უნდა (ნდომა), სტკივა, სცივა. Chotiwari-Jünger et al. (2010): Table 3.58 (სცივა).

2. Class-III -ია Verbs

Future
pv-ია
Aorist
-ა/-ათ
Perfect
-ია
Imperfect
-ოდი/-ოდა
Optative
-ოს/-ოთ or
-დეს/-დეთ
Pluperfect
-ოდა
Example: სწყურია

Examples: ეშინია, სშია, სწყურია, უხარია/გახარება, ჰქვია. Chotiwari-Jünger et al. (2010): Table 3.56 (სწყურია) and p. 141 (უხარია).

  • Or with -ა/-ათ aorist and -ას/-ათ optative (and lacking the imperfect: აბია, აკლია, აცვია, უკიდია, უსვია. #3.53
  • More rarely with aorist and optative -ო/-ოთ: შეუძლია Chotiwari-Jünger et al. (2010): Table 3.54 (შეუძლია).

3. Class-III -ს Verbs

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